Temperament Clusters in a Normal Population: Implications for Health and Disease

• Jaana Wessman,

  Affiliations Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

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• Stefan Schönauer,

  Affiliation Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Jouko Miettunen,

  Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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• Hannu Turunen,

  Affiliation Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

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• Pekka Parviainen,

  Affiliation Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Jouni K. Seppänen,

  Affiliation Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

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• Eliza Congdon,

  Affiliation University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Susan Service,

  Affiliation University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Markku Koiranen,

  Affiliation Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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• Jesper Ekelund,

  Affiliations Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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• Jaana Laitinen,

  Affiliation Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland

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• Anja Taanila,

  Affiliations Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Unit of General Practice, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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• Tuija Tammelin,

  Affiliations Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland, LIKES Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland

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• Mirka Hintsanen,

  Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Laura Pulkki-Råback,

  Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen,

  Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Jorma Viikari,

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, Turku University Central Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland

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• Olli T. Raitakari,

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Central Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

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• Matti Joukamaa,

  Affiliation Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, and Psychiatric Department, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

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• Marjo-Riitta Järvelin,

  Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom and Department of Public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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• Nelson Freimer,

  Affiliation University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Leena Peltonen †,

  † Deceased.

  Affiliations Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Juha Veijola,

  Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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• Heikki Mannila,

  Affiliation Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

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•  [ ... ],
• Tiina Paunio

  * E-mail: tiina.paunio@thl.fi

  Affiliations Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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