Ibudilast, a Pharmacologic Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, Prevents Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Tat-Mediated Activation of Microglial Cells

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Michelle Kiebala,

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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Sanjay B. Maggirwar

* E-mail: sanjay_maggirwar@urmc.rochester.edu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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Transcription factors
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Microglial cells
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HIV-1
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Transfection
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Luciferase
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Cytokines
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Central nervous system
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Receptor antagonist therapy
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