Hydronephrotic Urine in the Obstructed Kidney Promotes Urothelial Carcinoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion through the Activation of mTORC2-AKT and ERK Signaling Pathways

• Chi-Hao Chang,

  Affiliation Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

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• Jian-Ri Li,

  Affiliation Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

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• Kuo-Hsiung Shu,

  Affiliations Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

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• Yun-Ching Fu,

  Affiliations Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

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• Ming-Ju Wu

  *E-mail: wmj530@gmail.com

  Affiliations Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

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