Emodin Suppresses Migration and Invasion through the Modulation of CXCR4 Expression in an Orthotopic Model of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma

• Kanjoormana Aryan Manu ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Kanjoormana Aryan Manu, Muthu K. Shanmugam

  Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

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• Muthu K. Shanmugam ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Kanjoormana Aryan Manu, Muthu K. Shanmugam

  Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

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• Tina H. Ong,

  Affiliation Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore

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• Aruljothi Subramaniam,

  Affiliations Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Molecular Toxicology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

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• Kodappully Sivaraman Siveen,

  Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

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• Ekambaram Perumal,

  Affiliation Molecular Toxicology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

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• Ramar Perumal Samy,

  Affiliation Infectious Diseases Programme, Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

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• Pradeep Bist,

  Affiliations Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Immunology Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

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• Lina H. K. Lim,

  Affiliations Infectious Diseases Programme, Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

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• Alan Prem Kumar,

  Affiliations Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Singapore, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America

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• Kam M. Hui ,

  * E-mail: phcgs@nus.edu.sg (GS); cmrhkm@nccs.com.sg (KMH)

  Affiliation Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore

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• Gautam Sethi

  * E-mail: phcgs@nus.edu.sg (GS); cmrhkm@nccs.com.sg (KMH)

  Affiliations Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Immunology Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

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