Bucking the Trend in Wolf-Dog Hybridization: First Evidence from Europe of Hybridization between Female Dogs and Male Wolves

• Maris Hindrikson,

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

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• Peep Männil,

  Affiliation Estonian Environment Information Centre, Tartu, Estonia

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• Janis Ozolins,

  Affiliation State Forest Research Institute “Silava”, Salaspils, Latvia

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• Andrzej Krzywinski,

  Affiliation Wildlife Park Kadzidlowo, Ruciane Nida, Poland

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• Urmas Saarma

  * E-mail: Urmas.Saarma@ut.ee

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

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