HIV-1 Tat Activates Neuronal Ryanodine Receptors with Rapid Induction of the Unfolded Protein Response and Mitochondrial Hyperpolarization

• John P. Norman,

  Affiliations Center for Neural Development and Disease, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America, Department of Neurology (Child Neurology Division), the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

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• Seth W. Perry,

  Affiliations Center for Neural Development and Disease, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America, Department of Neurology (Child Neurology Division), the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

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• Holly M. Reynolds,

  Affiliations Center for Neural Development and Disease, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America, Department of Neurology (Child Neurology Division), the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

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• Michelle Kiebala,

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

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• Karen L. De Mesy Bentley,

  Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

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• Margarita Trejo,

  Affiliation Department of Neurosciences and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

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• David J. Volsky,

  Affiliation Molecular Virology Division, St. Lukes-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

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• Sanjay B. Maggirwar,

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

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• Stephen Dewhurst,

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

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• Eliezer Masliah,

  Affiliation Department of Neurosciences and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

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• Harris A. Gelbard

  * E-mail: harris_gelbard@urmc.rochester.edu

  Affiliations Center for Neural Development and Disease, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America, Department of Neurology (Child Neurology Division), the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

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