TY - JOUR T1 - Elicitation of Both Anti HIV-1 Env Humoral and Cellular Immunities by Replicating Vaccinia Prime Sendai Virus Boost Regimen and Boosting by CD40Lm A1 - Zhang, Xianfeng A1 - Sobue, Tomoyoshi A1 - Isshiki, Mao A1 - Makino, Shun-ichi A1 - Inoue, Makoto A1 - Kato, Kazunori A1 - Shioda, Tatsuo A1 - Ohashi, Takashi A1 - Sato, Hirotaka A1 - Komano, Jun A1 - Hanabusa, Hideji A1 - Shida, Hisatoshi Y1 - 2012/12/07 N2 - For protection from HIV-1 infection, a vaccine should elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. A novel vaccine regimen and adjuvant that induce high levels of HIV-1 Env-specific T cell and antibody (Ab) responses was developed in this study. The prime-boost regimen that used combinations of replication-competent vaccinia LC16m8Δ (m8Δ) and Sendai virus (SeV) vectors expressing HIV-1 Env efficiently produced both Env-specific CD8+ T cells and anti-Env antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). These results sharply contrast with vaccine regimens that prime with an Env expressing plasmid and boost with the m8Δ or SeV vector that mainly elicited cellular immunities. Moreover, co-priming with combinations of m8Δs expressing Env or a membrane-bound human CD40 ligand mutant (CD40Lm) enhanced Env-specific CD8+ T cell production, but not anti-Env antibody production. In contrast, priming with an m8Δ that coexpresses CD40Lm and Env elicited more anti-Env Abs with higher avidity, but did not promote T cell responses. These results suggest that the m8Δ prime/SeV boost regimen in conjunction with CD40Lm expression could be used as an immunization platform for driving both potent cellular and humoral immunities against pathogens such as HIV-1. JF - PLOS ONE JA - PLOS ONE VL - 7 IS - 12 UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051633 SP - e51633 EP - PB - Public Library of Science M3 - doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051633 ER -