About the Authors

Lindsay C. Young

lindsay@pacificrimconservation.com

Affiliation Department of Zoology, Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology Program, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

Cynthia Vanderlip

Affiliation Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

David C. Duffy

Affiliation Department of Botany, Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology Program, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

Vsevolod Afanasyev

Affiliation British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Scott A. Shaffer

Affiliations Institute of Marine Sciences and Dept of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LCY DCD. Performed the experiments: LCY CV. Analyzed the data: LCY SS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LCY VA. Wrote the paper: LCY.