About the Authors

Jonathan J. Cooper

jcooper@lincoln.ac.uk

Affiliation Animal Behaviour, Cognition and Welfare Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom

Nina Cracknell

Affiliation Animal Behaviour, Cognition and Welfare Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom

Jessica Hardiman

Affiliation Animal Behaviour, Cognition and Welfare Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom

Hannah Wright

Affiliation Animal Behaviour, Cognition and Welfare Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom

Daniel Mills

Affiliation Animal Behaviour, Cognition and Welfare Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JC NC JH HW DM. Performed the experiments: JC NC JH HW. Analyzed the data: JC. Wrote the paper: JC HW DM.