About the Authors
- Charles E. Leonard
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* E-mail: celeonar@upenn.edu
Affiliations Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Hanieh Razzaghi
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Affiliations Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Cristin P. Freeman
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Affiliations Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Jason A. Roy
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Affiliations Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Craig W. Newcomb
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Affiliation Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Sean Hennessy
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Affiliations Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
Competing Interests
The following Coauthors report no conflicts of interest: Leonard, Razzaghi, Roy, and Newcomb. Coauthors Freeman and Hennessy receive research support from AstraZeneca and Bristol-Myers Squibb, although unrelated to this topic. Dr. Hennessy has consulted for Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Amgen, Millennium, and CSL Behring, all unrelated to this topic. The potential conflicts of interest do not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: CL JR SH. Performed the experiments: CL HR CF JR CN SH. Analyzed the data: CL JR CN SH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JR CN. Wrote the paper: CL HR CF JR CN SH.