About the Authors

Shuai Ding

dingshuai@hfut.edu.cn (SD); xialooking@163.com (CYX)

Affiliations School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-Making, Ministry of Education, Hefei, P.R. China

Chen-Yi Xia

dingshuai@hfut.edu.cn (SD); xialooking@163.com (CYX)

Affiliation Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology and Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China

Kai-Le Zhou

Affiliations School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-Making, Ministry of Education, Hefei, P.R. China

Shan-Lin Yang

Affiliations School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-Making, Ministry of Education, Hefei, P.R. China

Jennifer S. Shang

Affiliation The Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SD CYX KLZ SLY JSS. Performed the experiments: SD. Analyzed the data: SD JSS CYX. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SD CYX. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: SD CYX.