About the Authors

Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes

ricardo.ximenes@pq.cnpq.br

Affiliations School of Medical Sciences, State University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, Department of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Celina Maria Turchi Martelli

Affiliations Department of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Department of Community Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil

Marcos Amaku

Affiliation Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Ana Marli C. Sartori

Affiliation Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Patricia Coelho de Soárez

Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Hillegonda Maria Dutilh Novaes

Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Leila Maria Moreira Beltrão Pereira

Affiliations School of Medical Sciences, State University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, Liver Institute of Pernambuco – IFP, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Regina Célia Moreira

Affiliation Virology Centre, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Gerusa Maria Figueiredo

Affiliation Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Raymundo Soares de Azevedo

Affiliation Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil

for the Hepatitis Study Group

Membership of the Hepatitis Study Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RAAX CMTM MA AMCS PCS HMDN LMMBP RCM GMF RSA. Analyzed the data: RSA MA RAAX. Wrote the paper: RAAX CMTM MA AMCS PCS HMDN LMMBP RCM GMF RSA.