About the Authors

Xinxue Liu

Affiliation MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Angela Wong

Affiliation MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Sudarshan R. Kadri

Affiliation MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Andrej Corovic

Affiliation MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Maria O’Donovan

Affiliation Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Pierre Lao-Sirieix

Affiliation MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Laurence B. Lovat

Affiliation University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom

Rodney W. Burnham

Affiliation Queen’s Hospital, Romford, Essex, United Kingdom

Rebecca C. Fitzgerald

rcf@hutchison-mrc.cam.ac.uk

Affiliation MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

Rebecca Fitzgerald has developed the Cytosponge technology which has been licensed to Covidien since this study was completed. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: XL AW RCF. Performed the experiments: AW. Analyzed the data: XL. Wrote the paper: XL AC RCF. Inputted data: AW PLS SRK AC. Provided expert histopathological diagnosis: MO. Managed patient recruitment: AW SRK RWB. Oversaw patient recruitment: LL.