About the Authors

Sarah Weeda

Affiliation Agriculture Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg, Virginia, United States of America

Na Zhang

Affiliation College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China

Xiaolei Zhao

Affiliation Tianjin Crop Science Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Science, Tianjin, P. R. China

Grace Ndip

Affiliation Department of Chemistry, Virginia State University, Petersburg, Virginia, United States of America

Yangdong Guo

yaguo@cau.edu.cn (YG); sren@vsu.edu (SR)

Affiliation College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China

Gregory A. Buck

Affiliation Center of the Study of Biological Complexity, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Conggui Fu

Affiliation Tianjin Crop Science Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Science, Tianjin, P. R. China

Shuxin Ren

yaguo@cau.edu.cn (YG); sren@vsu.edu (SR)

Affiliation Agriculture Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg, Virginia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SR SW YG. Performed the experiments: SR SW GB. Analyzed the data: NZ SW XZ SR GN CF. Wrote the paper: SR SW.