About the Authors

Leonithas I. Volakis

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Ruth Li

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

William E. Ackerman IV

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Cosmin Mihai

Current address: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Meagan Bechel

Current address: Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Taryn L. Summerfield

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Christopher S. Ahn

Current address: Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Heather M. Powell

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Material Science Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Rachel Zielinski

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Thomas J. Rosol

Affiliation Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Samir N. Ghadiali

Contributed equally to this work with: Samir N. Ghadiali, Douglas A. Kniss

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Douglas A. Kniss

Contributed equally to this work with: Samir N. Ghadiali, Douglas A. Kniss

kniss.1@osu.edu

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DAK SNG WEA TJR. Performed the experiments: LIV RL CM CA TLS MB TJR. Analyzed the data: DAK SNG WEA HMP TJR RL CA MB RZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SNG TJR HMP DAK WEA RZ. Wrote the paper: LIV DAK WEA HMP SNG.