About the Authors

John S. Sparks

Contributed equally to this work with: John S. Sparks, David F. Gruber

jsparks@amnh.org (JSS); davidfgruber@gmail.com (DFG)

Affiliations Department of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, New York, New York United States of America, Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America

Robert C. Schelly

Affiliations Department of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, New York, New York United States of America, Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America

W. Leo Smith

Affiliation Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America

Matthew P. Davis

Affiliation Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America

Dan Tchernov

Affiliation Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel

Vincent A. Pieribone

Affiliations Department of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, New York, New York United States of America, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The John B. Pierce Laboratory, Inc., Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

David F. Gruber

Contributed equally to this work with: John S. Sparks, David F. Gruber

jsparks@amnh.org (JSS); davidfgruber@gmail.com (DFG)

Affiliations Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America, Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JSS RCS WLS MPD DT VAP DFG. Performed the experiments: JSS RCS WLS MPD DT VAP DFG. Analyzed the data: JSS RCS WLS MPD VAP DFG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JSS RCS WLS MPD VAP DFG. Wrote the paper: JSS RCS WLS MPD VAP DFG.