About the Authors

Susanne Bornelöv

Contributed equally to this work with: Susanne Bornelöv, Annika Sääf

Affiliation Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Annika Sääf

Contributed equally to this work with: Susanne Bornelöv, Annika Sääf

Affiliation Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Erik Melén

Affiliations Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Sachs' Children's Hospital, South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Anna Bergström

Affiliation Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Behrooz Torabi Moghadam

Affiliation Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Ville Pulkkinen

Affiliation Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland

Nathalie Acevedo

Affiliations Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Medicine Solna, Translational Immunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Christina Orsmark Pietras

Affiliation Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Markus Ege

Affiliation Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany

Charlotte Braun-Fahrländer

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Josef Riedler

Affiliation Department of Children and Young Adults' Medicine, Kardinal Schwarzenberg Hospital, Schwarzach, Austria

Gert Doekes

Affiliation Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Michael Kabesch

Affiliation Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

Marianne van Hage

Affiliation Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Juha Kere

Affiliations Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Annika Scheynius

Affiliation Department of Medicine Solna, Translational Immunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Cilla Söderhäll

Affiliation Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Göran Pershagen

goran.pershagen@ki.se

Jointly directed the work.

Affiliation Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Jan Komorowski

Jointly directed the work.

Affiliations Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SB A. Sääf CS GP J. Komorowski. Performed the experiments: SB A. Sääf BTM. Analyzed the data: SB A. Sääf BTM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SB A. Sääf EM AB BTM VP NA COP ME CBF JR GD MK MvH J. Kere A. Scheynius CS GP J. Komorowski. Wrote the manuscript: SB A. Sääf CS GP J. Komorowski. Jointly directed this work: GP J. Komorowski.