About the Authors

Sachiko Hoshino

Contributed equally to this work with: Sachiko Hoshino, Kazuho Sakamoto, Stéphane Vassilopoulos, Stéphane M. Camus

Affiliations The G.W. Hooper Foundation, Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Kazuho Sakamoto

Contributed equally to this work with: Sachiko Hoshino, Kazuho Sakamoto, Stéphane Vassilopoulos, Stéphane M. Camus

Affiliations The G.W. Hooper Foundation, Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan

Stéphane Vassilopoulos

Contributed equally to this work with: Sachiko Hoshino, Kazuho Sakamoto, Stéphane Vassilopoulos, Stéphane M. Camus

Current address: Institut de Myologie, Paris, France

Affiliation The G.W. Hooper Foundation, Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Stéphane M. Camus

Contributed equally to this work with: Sachiko Hoshino, Kazuho Sakamoto, Stéphane Vassilopoulos, Stéphane M. Camus

Affiliation The G.W. Hooper Foundation, Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Christine A. Griffin

Affiliation The G.W. Hooper Foundation, Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Christopher Esk

Current address: IMBA-Institute of Molecular Biotechnology GmbH, Vienna, Austria

Affiliation The G.W. Hooper Foundation, Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Jorge A. Torres

Affiliation The G.W. Hooper Foundation, Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Norio Ohkoshi

Affiliation Department of Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University Corporation Tsukuba University of Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Akiko Ishii

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Akira Tamaoka

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Birgit H. Funke

Current address: Partners HealthCare Center for Personalized Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Affiliation Departments of Genetics and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Raju Kucherlapati

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

Marta Margeta

Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Thomas A. Rando

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

Frances M. Brodsky

Frances.Brodsky@ucsf.edu

Affiliation The G.W. Hooper Foundation, Departments of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SH KS SV SMC CAG MM TAR FMB CE. Performed the experiments: SH KS SV SMC CAG CE JAT. Analyzed the data: SH KS SV SMC CAG CE. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SH NO AI AT BHF RK MM. Wrote the paper: SH KS SV SMC CAG FMB.