About the Authors

Winnie W. Pong

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Jason Walker

Affiliation The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Todd Wylie

Affiliation The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Vincent Magrini

Affiliation The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Jingqin Luo

Affiliation Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Ryan J. Emnett

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Jaebok Choi

Affiliation Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Matthew L. Cooper

Affiliation Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Malachi Griffith

Affiliation The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Obi L. Griffith

Affiliation The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Joshua B. Rubin

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Gregory N. Fuller

Affiliation Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America

David Piwnica-Worms

Affiliation BRIGHT Institute and Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Xi Feng

Affiliation Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Dolores Hambardzumyan

Affiliation Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

John F. DiPersio

Affiliation Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Elaine R. Mardis

Affiliation The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

David H. Gutmann

gutmannd@neuro.wustl.edu

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following potential conflicts; there are no direct conflicts of interest. Dr. Pong reports grants from the W. M. Keck Foundation during the conduct of the study. Dr. Feng reports personal fees from National Cancer Institute and Cleveland Clinic, and non-financial support from University of Michigan outside the submitted work. Dr. Mardis reports personal fees from Pacific Biosciences Inc and from Illumina Inc, and other from Life Technologies, outside the submitted work. Dr. Gutmann reports grants from National Cancer Institute and from National Institutes of Health during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Biomarin, outside the submitted work; In addition, Dr. Gutmann has Neurofibromatosis type 1 patents. None of these organizations were involved in the study design; collection, analysis and interpretation of data; writing of the paper; and/or decision to submit for publication. This does not alter their adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: WWP ERM DHG. Performed the experiments: WWP RJE JC MLC XF. Analyzed the data: WWP JW TW VM JL RJE JC MLC MG OLG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: VM GNF DH JFD ERM DHG. Wrote the manuscript: WWP DHG. Jointly supervised research: WWP VM ERM DHG. Contributed to experimental design: JW TW VM JC JBR DP-W DH. Contributed to the preparation of the manuscript: WWP JW TW VM MG OLG. Edited and approved the manuscript: DHG WWP TW VM JL RJE JC MLC MG OLG JBR GNF DP-W XF DH JFP ERM.