About the Authors

Martine Stead

martine.stead@stir.ac.uk

Affiliation Institute for Social Marketing & Cancer Research United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Research and United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom

Crawford Moodie

Affiliation Institute for Social Marketing & Cancer Research United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Research and United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom

Kathryn Angus

Affiliation Institute for Social Marketing & Cancer Research United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Research and United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom

Linda Bauld

Affiliation Institute for Social Marketing & Cancer Research United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Research and United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom

Ann McNeill

Affiliation Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, London, United Kingdom

James Thomas

Affiliation Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, London, United Kingdom

Gerard Hastings

Affiliation Institute for Social Marketing & Cancer Research United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Research and United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom

Kate Hinds

Affiliation Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, London, United Kingdom

Alison O'Mara-Eves

Affiliation Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, London, United Kingdom

Irene Kwan

Affiliation Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, London, United Kingdom

Richard I. Purves

Affiliation Institute for Social Marketing & Cancer Research United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Research and United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom

Stuart L. Bryce

Affiliation Institute for Social Marketing & Cancer Research United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Research and United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

AM, JT, KH, AO and IK state no competing interests. The Institute for Social Marketing and Centre for Tobacco Control Studies at the University of Stirling receive research funding from Cancer Research United Kingdom. MS, CM, KA, LB, RIP and SLB state no competing interests other than the institutional funding received from Cancer Research United Kingdom. GH has served as an expert witness in four cases: 1) in the United Kingdom for the plaintiff (McTear) versus the tobacco industry; and for 2) the United Kingdom Department of Health, 3) the Irish Government and 4) the Norwegian Government's defence of suits by the tobacco industry. GH states no financial competing interests. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Analyzed the data: MS LB AM CM AO. Wrote the paper: MS CM KA LB AM JT GH KH AO IK RIP SLB. Provided input into design of review: MS LB AM JT CM KA GH. Oversaw systematic searches: JT. Data extraction: KH IK KA RIP SLB AO. Quality assessments: KH IK KA RIP SLB.