About the Authors

Betty R. Liu

Affiliation Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan

Shih-Yen Lo

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

Chia-Chin Liu

Affiliation Department of Life Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

Chia-Lin Chyan

Affiliation Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan

Yue-Wern Huang

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, United States of America

Robert S. Aronstam

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, United States of America

Han-Jung Lee

hjlee@mail.ndhu.edu.tw

Affiliation Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: HJL. Performed the experiments: BRL. Analyzed the data: YWH RSA HJL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SYL CCL CLC. Wrote the paper: BRL YWH RSA HJL.