About the Authors

David Gardiner

david.gardiner@bms.com

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey, United States of America

Jay Lalezari

Affiliation Quest Clinical Research, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Eric Lawitz

Affiliation Alamo Medical Research, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Michael DiMicco

Affiliation Advanced Clinical Research Institute, Anaheim, California, United States of America

Rheem Ghalib

Affiliation The Liver Institute at Methodist Hospital, Dallas, Texas, United States of America

K. Rajender Reddy

Affiliation University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Kyong-Mi Chang

Affiliations University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Mark Sulkowski

Affiliation Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Steven O’ Marro

Affiliation Springfield Clinic Infectious Diseases, Springfield, Illinois, United States of America

Jeffrey Anderson

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey, United States of America

Bing He

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey, United States of America

Vikram Kansra

Current address: TESARO, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

Fiona McPhee

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut, United States of America

Megan Wind-Rotolo

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

Dennis Grasela

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey, United States of America

Mark Selby

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Milpitas, California, United States of America

Alan J. Korman

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb, Milpitas, California, United States of America

Israel Lowy

Affiliation Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

This study was funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb. D. Grasela, JA, BH, D. Gardiner, VK, MWR, FM, MS and AK are/were employees of, and may hold stock in, Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS). JL is employed by Quest Clinical Research, EL by Alamo Medical Research and IL by Medarex at the time of the study. Anti-PD-1 (BMS-936558) is a patented monoclonal antibody owned by BMS and currently in Phase 3 development as treatment for patients with chronic malignancy. There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: D. Gardiner IL JA BH VK FM MWR D. Grasela M. Selby AJK. Performed the experiments: EL RG M. Sulkowski JL KRR KMC MD SO VK FM MWR. Analyzed the data: D. Gardiner IL JA BH VK FM MWR M. Selby AJK. Wrote the paper: DGr. Critically reviewed and edited the manuscript for content: D. Gardiner EL MD RG KRR KMC M. Sulkowski SO JA BE VK FM MWR D. Grasela M. Selby AJK IL.