About the Authors

Marcel R. Wernand

marcel.wernand@nioz.nl

Affiliation Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Physical Oceanography, Marine Optics & Remote Sensing, Texel, The Netherlands

Hendrik J. van der Woerd

Affiliation Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Winfried W. C. Gieskes

Affiliation University of Groningen, Department of Ocean Ecosystems, ESRIG, Groningen, The Netherlands

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MRW HJvdW WWCG. Performed the experiments: MRW. Analyzed the data: MRW HJvdW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MRW HJvdW. Wrote the paper: MRW HJvdW WWCG.