About the Authors

Nidhi Rohatgi

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Haytham Aly

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Connie A. Marshall

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

William G. McDonald

Affiliation Metabolic Solutions Development Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America

Rolf F. Kletzien

Affiliation Metabolic Solutions Development Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America

Jerry R. Colca

Affiliation Metabolic Solutions Development Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America

Michael L. McDaniel

mmcdaniel@wustl.edu

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

JRC, WGM and RFK are employees of Metabolic Solutions Development Company (MSDC). MSDC provided limited research funds to the Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation for the purchase of human islets. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NR HA CAM WGM RFK JRC MLM. Performed the experiments: NR HA CAM MLM. Analyzed the data: NR HA CAM WGM RFK JRC MLM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NR HA CAM WGM RFK JRC MLM. Wrote the paper: NR HA CAM WGM RFK JRC MLM.