About the Authors

Toru Ichihashi

Affiliation Division of Collaboration and Education, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan

Toshifumi Satoh

Affiliation Laboratory of Polymer Functional Chemistry, Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Chihiro Sugimoto

Affiliation Division of Collaboration and Education, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan

Kiichi Kajino

kiichi@czc.hokudai.ac.jp

Affiliation Division of Collaboration and Education, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TI KK. Performed the experiments: TI. Analyzed the data: TI. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TI TS CS KK. Wrote the paper: TI KK.