About the Authors

Samuel R. Friedman

friedman@ndri.org

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Brooke S. West

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Enrique R. Pouget

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

H. Irene Hall

Affiliation Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Jennifer Cantrell

Affiliation Legacy Foundation, Washington, D. C., United States of America

Barbara Tempalski

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Sudip Chatterjee

Affiliation Independent Consultant, Bangalore, India

Xiaohong Hu

Affiliation Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Hannah L. F. Cooper

Affiliation Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Sandro Galea

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Don C. Des Jarlais

Affiliations Institute of Infectious Disease Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York, United States of America, Baron Edmond de Rothschild Chemical Dependency Institute at Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Reviewed, contributed ideas, and helped edit the manuscript: ERP HIH JC BT SC XH HLFC SG DCDJ. Conceived and designed the experiments: SRF BSW ERP BT HLFC SG DCDJ. Analyzed the data: JC SC BSW. Wrote the paper: SRF BSW ERP HIH.