About the Authors

William S. Pomat

Contributed equally to this work with: William S. Pomat, Anita H. J. van den Biggelaar

Affiliations Papua New Guinean Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

Anita H. J. van den Biggelaar

Contributed equally to this work with: William S. Pomat, Anita H. J. van den Biggelaar

Current address: Crucell, Leiden, The Netherlands

Affiliation Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

Suparat Phuanukoonnon

Affiliation Papua New Guinean Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea

Jacinta Francis

Affiliation Papua New Guinean Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea

Peter Jacoby

Affiliation Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

Peter M. Siba

Affiliation Papua New Guinean Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea

Michael P. Alpers

Affiliation Centre for International Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

John C. Reeder

Affiliations Papua New Guinean Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Patrick G. Holt

Affiliation Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

Peter C. Richmond

Affiliation School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

Deborah Lehmann

deborahl@ichr.uwa.edu.au

Affiliation Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

for the Neonatal Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Trial Study Team

Membership of the Neonatal Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Trial Study Team is provided in Acknowledgments

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following conflicts: P Richmond has been a member of vaccine advisory boards for Wyeth and CSL Ltd and has received institutional funding for investigator-initiated research from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals and Merck and received travel support from Pfizer and Baxter to present study data at international meetings. D Lehmann has been a member of the GSK Australia Pneumococcal-Haemophilus influenzae-Protein D conjugate vaccine (“Phid-CV”) Advisory Panel, has received support from Pfizer Australia and GSK Australia to attend conferences, has received an honorarium from Merck Vaccines to give a seminar at their offices in Pennsylvania and to attend a conference, and is an investigator on an investigator-initiated research grant funded by Pfizer Australia. WS Pomat has received funding from Pfizer Australia to attend a conference. A.H.J. van den Biggelaar has received support from Pfizer Australia and GSK Australia to attend conferences; she was awarded and received a Pfizer-supported Robert Austrian Award in Pneumococcal Vaccinology (2008); she is currently an employee of Crucell/Johnson and Johnson, The Netherlands. All work related to this publication was conducted prior to employment at Crucell/Johnson and Johnson. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. S Phuanukoonnon, J Francis, P Jacoby, PM Siba, JC Reeder, MP Alpers and Patrick G Holt have declared that no competing interests exist. Vaccines used in this trial were purchased from manufacturers.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DL PCR JCR PGH AHvdB MPA. Performed the experiments: JF. Analyzed the data: PJ AHJvdB. Wrote the paper: DL WSP AHJvdB. Supervised enrollment, clinical follow-up and field work, and reported adverse events to the DSMB: SP. Oversaw conduct of immunological assays and reviewed all immunology data: WSP. Oversaw implementation of the clinical trial and provided administrative support: PMS JCR. Critically read and approved the final version of the manuscript: WSP AHJvdB SP JF PJ PMS MPA JCR PGH PCR DL.