About the Authors

Ping He

Affiliation Center for Advanced Therapeutic Strategies of Brain Disorders, Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida, United States of America

Xin Cheng

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Matthias Staufenbiel

Affiliation Novartis Pharm Ltd., Nervous System Research, Basel, Switzerland

Rena Li

Affiliation Center for Hormone Advanced Science and Education, Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida, United States of America

Yong Shen

yshen@rfdn.org

Affiliations Center for Advanced Therapeutic Strategies of Brain Disorders, Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida, United States of America, Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Competing Interests

Matthias Staufenbiel is employed by Novartis Pharm Ltd. APP23 transgenic (20 males and 20 females in each age group) and non-transgenic wild type (20 males and 20 females in each age group) genotypes in our experiment are on the C57BL/6 background, which were provided by Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.

Author Contributions

Examined and analyzed the data: PH YS. Conceived and designed the experiments: YS RL. Performed the experiments: PH XC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MS. Wrote the paper: PH YS RL.