About the Authors

Samuel Biraro

samuel.biraro@mrcuganda.org

Affiliations Medical Research Council (MRC)/Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda, MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Eugene Ruzagira

Affiliation Medical Research Council (MRC)/Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda

Anatoli Kamali

Affiliation Medical Research Council (MRC)/Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda

James Whitworth

Affiliation Wellcome Trust, London, United Kingdom

Heiner Grosskurth

Affiliations Medical Research Council (MRC)/Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda, MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Helen A. Weiss

Affiliation MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SB HAW. Performed the experiments: SB. Analyzed the data: SB HAW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SB HAW. Wrote the paper: SB ER AK JW HG HAW. Acquisition of data, or analysed and interpreted data: SB ER AK JW HG HAW. Drafted the article or revised it critically for important intellectual content: SB ER AK JW HG HAW. Approved the version of the article to be published: SB ER AK JW HG HAW.