About the Authors
- Stefan A. Schnitzer
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* E-mail: S1@uwm.edu
Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Scott A. Mangan
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Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- James W. Dalling
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Affiliations Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama, Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Claire A. Baldeck
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Affiliation Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Stephen P. Hubbell
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Affiliations Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Alicia Ledo
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Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, ETSI Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Helene Muller-Landau
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Affiliation Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Michael F. Tobin
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Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Salomon Aguilar
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Affiliation Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- David Brassfield
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Affiliation Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Andres Hernandez
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Affiliation Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Suzanne Lao
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Affiliation Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Rolando Perez
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Affiliation Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Oldemar Valdes
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Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Suzanne Rutishauser Yorke
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Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: SAS SPH. Performed the experiments: SAS SA DB AH SL RP OV SRY. Analyzed the data: SAS SAM JWD CAB AL HM-L. Wrote the paper: SAS SAM JWD CAB. Data organization: SAS SAM MFT SL.