About the Authors

Elise Whitley

elise.whitley@bristol.ac.uk

Affiliation MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Service Unit, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Ian J. Deary

Affiliation Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Geoff Der

Affiliation MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Service Unit, Glasgow, United Kingdom

G. David Batty

Affiliations Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Michaela Benzeval

Affiliation MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Service Unit, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Analyzed the data: EW. Wrote the first draft: EW MB. Critically reviewed and contributed to the final version: EW IJD GD GDB MB.