About the Authors

Ruoyan Gai Tobe

Affiliation School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China

Rintaro Mori

Affiliation Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Lihui Huang

Affiliations Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China

Lingzhong Xu

Affiliation School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China

Demin Han

handm@trhos.com

Affiliations Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, China WHO Collaborating Center for the Prevention and Rehabilitation of Hearing Impairment, Beijing, China

Kenji Shibuya

Affiliation Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RGT RM LH LX DH KS. Performed the experiments: LH LX DH. Analyzed the data: RGT RM KS. Wrote the paper: RGT RM KS LH LX.