About the Authors
- Joshua M. Diamond
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Contributed equally to this work with: Joshua M. Diamond, Mary K. Porteous
* E-mail: joshua.diamond@uphs.upenn.edu
Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Mary K. Porteous
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Contributed equally to this work with: Joshua M. Diamond, Mary K. Porteous
Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Edward Cantu
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Affiliation Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Nuala J. Meyer
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Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Rupal J. Shah
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Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- David J. Lederer
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
- Steven M. Kawut
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Affiliations Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- James Lee
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Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Scarlett L. Bellamy
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Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Scott M. Palmer
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University, Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Vibha N. Lama
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Sangeeta M. Bhorade
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Maria Crespo
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Ejigayehu Demissie
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Affiliations Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Keith Wille
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Jonathan Orens
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Pali D. Shah
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Ann Weinacker
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- David Weill
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Selim Arcasoy
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
- David S. Wilkes
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Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Health Lung Transplant Program, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Lorraine B. Ware
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¶These authors are equal senior authors.
Affiliation Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Jason D. Christie
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¶These authors are equal senior authors.
Affiliations Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: MD MKP NJM SMK RJS EC LBW SLB JDC. Performed the experiments: LBW. Analyzed the data: JMD MKP NJM SMK SLB SMP RJS LBW EC JDC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JMD MKP DJL JL EC VNL SMB MC SLB ED KW JO AW DW SA PDS DSW LBW SMP JDC. Wrote the paper: Revised the manuscript for important intellectual content and provided final approval for the version to be submitted: JMD MKP NJM SMK DJL JL EC RJS SLB VNL SMB MC ED KW JO AW DW SA PDS DSW LBW SMP JDC.