About the Authors

Mark J. Costello

Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Costello, Ward Appeltans

m.costello@auckland.ac.nz

Affiliation Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Philippe Bouchet

Affiliation Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France

Geoff Boxshall

Affiliation The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom

Kristian Fauchald

Affiliation Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Dennis Gordon

Affiliation Aquatic Biodiversity & Biosecurity, National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand

Bert W. Hoeksema

Affiliation Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

Gary C. B. Poore

Affiliation Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Rob W. M. van Soest

Affiliation Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

Sabine Stöhr

Affiliation Swedish Museum of Natural History; Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Stockholm, Sweden

T. Chad Walter

Affiliation Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Bart Vanhoorne

Affiliation Flanders Marine Institute, Ostend, Belgium

Wim Decock

Affiliation Flanders Marine Institute, Ostend, Belgium

Ward Appeltans

Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Costello, Ward Appeltans

Affiliations Flanders Marine Institute, Ostend, Belgium, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO; IOC Project Office for IODE, Ostend, Belgium

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MJC PB GB KF DG BWH GCBP RWMvS SS TCW BV WA. Analyzed the data: MJC BV WD WA. Wrote the paper: MJC PB GB KF DG BWH GCBP RWMvS SS TCW BV WD WA.