About the Authors

D. Shane O'Mahony

Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Bradford J. Glavan

Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Tarah D. Holden

Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Christie Fong

Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

R. Anthony Black

Affiliation Institute of Translational Health Sciences (ITHS), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Gail Rona

Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Paula Tejera

Affiliation Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

David C. Christiani

Affiliation Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Mark M. Wurfel

mmwurfel@u.washington.edu

Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

MMW serves as an editor of PLOS ONE. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DSO BJG PT DCC MMW. Performed the experiments: DSO TDH GR. Analyzed the data: DSO CF RAB MMW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DCC MMW RAB. Wrote the paper: DSO CF PT DCC MMW.