About the Authors

Shadnaz Asgari

Affiliations Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, California State University, Long Beach, California, United States of America, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Nestor Gonzalez

Affiliation Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Andrew W. Subudhi

Affiliations Department of Biology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States of America, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, United States of America

Robert Hamilton

Affiliations Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Paul Vespa

Affiliation Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Marvin Bergsneider

Affiliations Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Robert C. Roach

Affiliation Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, United States of America

Xiao Hu

xhu@mednet.ucla.edu

Affiliations Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SA XH. Performed the experiments: AWS RH RCR. Analyzed the data: SA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SA NG PV MB XH. Wrote the paper: SA XH.