About the Authors

Seog-Young Kim

Affiliation Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Juong G. Rhee

Affiliation The Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Xinxin Song

Affiliation Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Edward V. Prochownik

Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Douglas R. Spitz

Affiliation Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America

Yong J. Lee

leeyj@upmc.edu

Affiliation Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SYK YJL. Performed the experiments: SYK JGR XS. Analyzed the data: SYK JGR DRS YJL XS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EVP DRS. Wrote the paper: SYK YJL.