About the Authors

Xin Zheng

Contributed equally to this work with: Xin Zheng, Natalia B. Rumie Vittar, Xiaohong Gai

Affiliations Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Natalia B. Rumie Vittar

Contributed equally to this work with: Xin Zheng, Natalia B. Rumie Vittar, Xiaohong Gai

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Xiaohong Gai

Contributed equally to this work with: Xin Zheng, Natalia B. Rumie Vittar, Xiaohong Gai

Affiliations Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Maite G. Fernandez-Barrena

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Catherine D. Moser

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Chunling Hu

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Luciana L. Almada

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Angela L. McCleary-Wheeler

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Sherine F. Elsawa

Affiliations Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, United States of America

Anne M. Vrabel

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Abdirashid M. Shire

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Andrea Comba

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Snorri S. Thorgeirsson

Affiliation Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Youngsoo Kim

Affiliation Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, California, United States of America

Qingguang Liu

Affiliation Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China

Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Lewis R. Roberts

roberts.lewis@mayo.edu

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Competing Interests

Dr. YK is an employee of ISIS Pharmaceuticals Inc. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: XZ NBRV XG AMS SFE SST QL MEFZ LRR. Performed the experiments: XZ NBRV XG CDM CH AMS SFE LLA AMW MGFB AV AC. Analyzed the data: XZ NBRV XG CDM CH AMS SFE LLA SST MEFZ LRR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CDM SFE SST YK AV MEFZ LRR. Wrote the paper: XZ NVRV XG CDM CH AMS SFE LLA SST YK QL MEFZ LRR.