About the Authors

Fabio Lauria

Affiliation Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Avellino, Italy

Alfonso Siani

asiani@isa.cnr.it

Affiliation Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Avellino, Italy

Karin Bammann

Affiliation BIPS-Institute for Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Bremen, Germany

Ronja Foraita

Affiliation BIPS-Institute for Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Bremen, Germany

Inge Huybrechts

Affiliation Unit Nutrition and Food Safety, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Licia Iacoviello

Affiliation Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura “Giovanni Paolo II”, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy

Anna C. Koni

Affiliation Institute for Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Yannis Kourides

Affiliation Research and Education Foundation of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus

Staffan Marild

Affiliation Department of Paediatrics, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Denes Molnar

Affiliation Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary

Luis A. Moreno

Affiliation Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD Research Group), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

Iris Pigeot

Affiliation BIPS-Institute for Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Bremen, Germany

Yannis P. Pitsiladis

Affiliation Institute for Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Toomas Veidebaum

Affiliation National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia

Paola Russo

Membership in the IDEFICS Consortium is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Affiliation Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Avellino, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AS PR IP YPP LI KB. Performed the experiments: FL PR ACK RF. Analyzed the data: FL AS PR. Wrote the paper: FL AS PR. Acquisition of data: AS IH YK SM DM LAM IP TV. Critical revision of the manuscript: KB RF IH LI ACK YK SM DM LAM IP YPP TV. Final approval: FL AS KB RF IH LI ACK YK SM DM LAM IP YPP TV PR.