About the Authors

Eoin Barrett

Affiliations Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland

Patrick Fitzgerald

Affiliation Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Timothy G. Dinan

Affiliation Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

John F. Cryan

Affiliation Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

R. Paul Ross

Affiliations Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland

Eamonn M. Quigley

Affiliation Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Fergus Shanahan

Affiliation Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Barry Kiely

Affiliation Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Gerald F. Fitzgerald

Affiliations Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Paul W. O'Toole

Affiliations Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Catherine Stanton

catherine.stanton@teagasc.ie

Affiliations Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CS JFC TGD EB PF RPR. Performed the experiments: CS EB PF. Analyzed the data: EB PF CS TGD PWO GF BK JFC EMQ FS RPR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CS TGD JFC. Wrote the paper: EB CS JFC TGD PF.