About the Authors
- Penelope A. Phillips-Howard
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* E-mail: pennyph@liverpool.ac.uk
Affiliation Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Frank O. Odhiambo
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Affiliation KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya
- Mary Hamel
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Affiliation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Kubaje Adazu
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† Deceased.
Affiliation KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya
- Marta Ackers
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Affiliation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Anne M. van Eijk
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Affiliation Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Vincent Orimba
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Affiliation KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya
- Anja van’t Hoog
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Affiliations KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Caryl Beynon
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Affiliation Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- John Vulule
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Affiliation KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya
- Mark A. Bellis
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Affiliation Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Laurence Slutsker
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Affiliation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Kevin deCock
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Affiliation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Robert Breiman
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Affiliations KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
- Kayla F. Laserson
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Affiliations KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: PPH KL. Analyzed the data: PPH FO VO. Wrote the paper: PPH FO KL MH AvH AvE MA CB LS RB. Provided scientific leadership: KdC RB JV LS KL. Reviewed the manuscript: PPH FO KL MH AvH AvE MA CB LS RB MB KdC JV. Commented on the manuscript: PPH FO KL MH AvH AvE MA CB LS RB. Gave permission for data to be used and published: FO KL JV. Conducted and/or supported the conduct of the field work: KA FO MH AvH VO AvE LS RB KdC JV KL RB.