About the Authors

Shahana Majid

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Altaf A. Dar

Affiliation Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Sharanjot Saini

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Varahram Shahryari

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Sumit Arora

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Mohd Saif Zaman

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Inik Chang

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Soichiro Yamamura

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Takeshi Chiyomaru

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Shinichiro Fukuhara

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Yuichiro Tanaka

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Guoren Deng

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Z. Laura Tabatabai

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Rajvir Dahiya

rdahiya@urology.ucsf.edu

Affiliation Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and UCSF, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

Rajvir Dahiya is a PLOS ONE Editorial Board member. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SM AAD RD. Performed the experiments: SM AAD SS VS GD. Analyzed the data: SM AAD RD SS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SM AAD SS VS SA MSZ IC SY TC SF YT GD. Wrote the paper: SM. Designed the research plan: SM RD. Conducted experiments: SM AAD VS. Analyzed data: SM AAD SS VS SA MSZ IC SY TC SF YT GD RD. Provided necessary reagents for research: SM AAD SS VS SA MSZ IC SY TC SF YT GD. Wrote manuscript: SM. Supervise the research and review manuscript: SM RD. Board certified pathologist to identify tumor and normal tissues: ZLT.