About the Authors

Enrique Casalino

Affiliations AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Nord-Val de Seine, Service d’accueil des Urgences, Paris, France, Université Denis-Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France

Bruno Bernot

Affiliation AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Seine St Denis, CHU Avicenne, Service d’accueil des Urgences, Bobigny, France

Olivier Bouchaud

Affiliations AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Seine St Denis, CHU Avicenne, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Bobigny, France, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France

Chakib Alloui

Affiliation AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Seine St Denis, CHU Avicenne, Laboratoire de virologie, Bobigny, France

Christophe Choquet

Affiliations AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Nord-Val de Seine, Service d’accueil des Urgences, Paris, France, Université Denis-Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France

Elisabeth Bouvet

Affiliations Université Denis-Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Nord-Val de Seine, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Paris, France

Florence Damond

Affiliations AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Nord-Val de Seine, Laboratoire de Virologie, Paris, France, Université Denis-Diderot Paris 7, EA 4409, Paris, France

Sandra Firmin

Affiliations INSERM U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S943, Paris, France

Aurore Delobelle

Affiliations INSERM U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S943, Paris, France

Beatrice Ename Nkoumazok

Affiliations INSERM U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S943, Paris, France

Guillaume Der Sahakian

Affiliations AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Service d’accueil des Urgences/SMUR, Paris, France, Université Paris Descartes Paris 5, Paris, France

Jean-Paul Viard

Affiliations AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Centre de Diagnostic et Thérapeutique, Paris, France, Université Paris Descartes Paris 5, EA 3620, Paris, France

Olivier Zak Dit Zbar

Affiliation AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Service de Pneumologie, Paris, France

Elisabeth Aslangul

Affiliations AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Service de Médecine Interne, Paris, France, Université Paris Descartes Paris 5, Paris, France

Anne Krivine

Affiliation AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Laboratoire de virologie, Paris, France

Julie Zundel

Affiliation AP-HP, Hôpital Bicêtre, Service d’accueil des Urgences, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France

Jade Ghosn

Affiliations Université Paris Descartes Paris 5, EA 3620, Paris, France, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Bicêtre, Service de medicine interne et maladies infectieuses, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France

Patrice Nordmann

Affiliations AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Bicêtre, Laboratoire de bactério-virologie, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France, Université Paris-Sud UMR S914, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France,, INSERM U914, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France

Yann-Erick Claessens

Current address: Department of Emergency Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco

Affiliations AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Service d’accueil des Urgences, Paris, France, Université Paris Descartes Paris 5, Paris, France

Tassadit Tahi

Affiliation AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Service de médecine interne et des maladies infectieuses, Paris, France

Bruno Riou

Affiliations AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’accueil des urgences, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France

Agnès Gautheret-Dejean

Affiliation APHP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Laboratoire de Virologie, Paris, France

Christine Katlama

Affiliations INSERM U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S943, Paris, France, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France

Pierre Hausfater

Affiliations AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’accueil des urgences, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France

Françoise Brun-Vézinet

Affiliations AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Nord-Val de Seine, Laboratoire de Virologie, Paris, France, Université Denis-Diderot Paris 7, EA 4409, Paris, France

Dominique Costagliola

dominique.costagliola@upmc.fr

Affiliations INSERM U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S943, Paris, France

Competing Interests

No authors of the ANRS URDEP study have any financial or personal relationships with people or organizations that could inappropriately influence this work, although most members of the group have, at some stage in the past, received funding from a variety of pharmaceutical companies for research, travel grants, speaking engagements or consultancy fees: Elisabeth Aslangul has received travel grants from Sanofi Aventis, Pfizer and Bristol-Myers-Squibb. Elisabeth Bouvet, Dominique Costagliola and Jean-Paul Viard have received travel grants, consultancy fees, honoraria and study grants from various pharmaceutical companies, Abbott, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Merck-Sharp & Dohme-Chibret, Roche and ViiV Healthcare. Françoise Brun-Vézinet has received travel grants, consultancy fees and study grants from Gilead Sciences, Janssen, ViiV healthcare and Merck- Sharp & Dohme-Chibret. Enrique Casalino has received travel grants from various pharmaceutical companies, Abbott, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Merck-Sharp & Dohme-Chibret, Roche and ViiV Healthcare. Florence Damond has received travel grants, and honoraria from Merck-Sharp & Dohme-Chibret. Jade Ghosn has received travel grants, honoraria and study grants from various pharmaceutical companies including Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck-Sharp & Dohme-Chibret, Roche and ViiV Healthcare. Pierre Hausfater has received consultancy fees, honoraria and study grants from biodiagnostic companies, ThermoFisher Scientific, BRAHMS biomarkers, BioMerieux, Radiometer, and Philips. Christine Katlama has received travel grants, honoraria and consultantancy fees from Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck-Sharp & Dohme-Chibret, and ViiV Healthcare. Bruno Riou has received travel grants, consultancy fees, honoraria and study grants from various pharmaceutical and biomarker companies, Sanofi, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, ThermoFisher Brahms, OctoPharma, LFB, Sangart. Olivier Bouchaud has received travel grants, honoraria and study grants from various pharmaceutical companies, Abbott, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Merck-Sharp & Dohme-Chibret, Roche, ViiV Healthcare, Sigma Tau, and Novartis. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EC EB FBV DC BR. Performed the experiments: CA EA BB OB EB FBV EC CC Y-EC FD AD GDS SF AGD JG PH CK AK PN BR TT JPV OZ JZ. Analyzed the data: DC AD BE SF. Wrote the paper: FBV EC DC. Conception and design of the study: EC EB FBV DC BR. Provision of study patients: CA EA BB OB EB FBV EC CC Y-EC FD AD GDS SF AGD JG PH CK AK PN BR TT JPV OZ JZ. Data management and statistical analysis: DC AD BE SF. Drafting of the article: FBV EC DC. Interpretation of the data and critical revision of the article for important intellectual content and final approval of the article: EC BB OB CA CC EB FD SF AD BE GDS JPV OZ EA AK JZ JG PN Y-EC TT BR AGD CK PH FBV DC.