About the Authors

Neil Hammerschlag

nhammerschlag@rsmas.miami.edu

Affiliations Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America, Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, United States of America, RJ Dunlap Marine Conservation Program, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America

Jiangang Luo

Affiliation Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America

Duncan J. Irschick

Affiliation Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jerald S. Ault

Affiliation Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have received funding from the following commercial funder: Wells Fargo. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NH JL JA. Performed the experiments: NH JL JA. Analyzed the data: NH JL JA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NH JL JA. Wrote the paper: NH JL JA DI.