About the Authors

Lei Yan

Contributed equally to this work with: Lei Yan, Yan Gao, Yong Zhang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Yan Gao

Contributed equally to this work with: Lei Yan, Yan Gao, Yong Zhang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Yong Zhang

Contributed equally to this work with: Lei Yan, Yan Gao, Yong Zhang

Affiliation School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

Michael Tildesley

Affiliations Centre for Complexity Science, Zeeman Building, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom, US National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Liqi Liu

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Ye Zhang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Leying Wen

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Wei Wang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Xiaodan Li

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Ying Hu

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Tian Bai

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Min Wang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Yuhong Zeng

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Dingming Wang

Affiliation Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guizhou Province, GuiYang, China

Xianjun Wang

Affiliation Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Jinan, China

Yu Lan

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Shiwen Wang

yshu@cnic.org.cn (YS); wangshiwencdc@163.com (SW)

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Yuelong Shu

yshu@cnic.org.cn (YS); wangshiwencdc@163.com (SW)

Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YS SW LY YG. Performed the experiments: LY YG DW XW LL Ye Zhang. Analyzed the data: YG LY Yong Zhang. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LL Ye Zhang LW WW XL YH TB MW Y. Zeng YL. Wrote the paper: LY Yong Zhang YG MT.