About the Authors

David W. Cadotte

Affiliations Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Rachael Bosma

Affiliation Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

David Mikulis

Affiliation Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Natalia Nugaeva

Affiliation Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Karen Smith

Affiliation Providence Health Care, Spinal Rehabilitation Unit, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Ronald Pokrupa

Affiliation Division of Neurosurgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Omar Islam

Affiliation Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology and Head & Neck Imaging, Kingston General and Hotel Dieu Hospitals, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Patrick W. Stroman

Affiliations Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Physics, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Michael G. Fehlings

Michael.Fehlings@uhn.ca

Affiliations Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DWC RB DM PWS MGF. Performed the experiments: DWC RB DM OI KS RP NN. Analyzed the data: DWC RB PWS MGF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DWC RB DM NN OI KS RP PWS MGF. Wrote the paper: DWC RB DM PWS MGF.