About the Authors

Mahmoud Y. Alkawareek

Affiliation School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom

Qais Th. Algwari

Affiliations Centre for Plasma Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom, Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Engineering, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq

Garry Laverty

Affiliation School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom

Sean P. Gorman

Affiliation School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom

William G. Graham

Affiliation Centre for Plasma Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom

Deborah O'Connell

Affiliations Centre for Plasma Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom, York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Brendan F. Gilmore

b.gilmore@qub.ac.uk

Affiliation School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MYA QTA SPG WGG DO BFG. Performed the experiments: MYA QTA. Analyzed the data: MYA QTA GL WGG DO BFG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MYA DO BFG. Wrote the paper: MYA QTA WGG DO BFG.