About the Authors

Duncan Chege

duncan.chege@utoronto.ca (DC); rupert.kaul@utoronto.ca (RK)

Affiliation Departments of Medicine/University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Yijie Chai

Affiliation Departments of Medicine/University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Sanja Huibner

Affiliation Departments of Medicine/University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Taylor Kain

Affiliation Departments of Medicine/University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Charles Wachihi

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Makubo Kimani

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Samson Barasa

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Lyle R. McKinnon

Affiliations Departments of Medicine/University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Festus K. Muriuki

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Anthony Kariri

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Walter Jaoko

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Omu Anzala

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Joshua Kimani

Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Departments of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

T. Blake Ball

Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Departments of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, Laboratory for HIV Immunology, National HIV and Retrovirology Laboratories, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada

Francis A. Plummer

Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Departments of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, Laboratory for HIV Immunology, National HIV and Retrovirology Laboratories, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada

Rupert Kaul

duncan.chege@utoronto.ca (DC); rupert.kaul@utoronto.ca (RK)

Affiliations Departments of Medicine/University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DC RK. Performed the experiments: DC YC SH TK CW MK SB LRM FKM AK. Analyzed the data: DC RK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WJ OA JK TBB FAP RK. Wrote the paper: DC RK.