About the Authors

Rivka A. Rachel

Affiliation Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Kunio Nagashima

Affiliation Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, SAIC-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

T. Norene O'Sullivan

Affiliation National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Laura S. Frost

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Frank P. Stefano

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Live Cell Imaging Core, School of Dental Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Valeria Marigo

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy

Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia

battagli@dental.upenn.edu

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

Dr. Nagashima is employed by SAIC-Frederick. There are no other relevant declarations relating to employment, consultancy, patents, products in development or marketed products. This affiliation does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RAR KBB. Performed the experiments: RAR KN TNO LSF FPS. Analyzed the data: RAR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: VM LSF KBB. Wrote the paper: RAR KBB.