About the Authors

Taro Maeda

Affiliations Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Euichi Hirose

Affiliation Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, Japan

Yoshito Chikaraishi

Affiliation Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Masaru Kawato

Affiliation Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Kiyotaka Takishita

Affiliation Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Takao Yoshida

Affiliations Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Heroen Verbruggen

Affiliations Phycology Research Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Jiro Tanaka

Affiliation Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Shigeru Shimamura

Affiliation Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Yoshihiro Takaki

Affiliation Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Masashi Tsuchiya

Affiliation Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Kenji Iwai

Affiliation Okinawa Prefectural Fisheries and Ocean Research Center, 1-3-1 Nishizaki, Itoman-shi, Okinawa, Japan

Tadashi Maruyama

tadashim@jamstec.go.jp

Affiliations Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EH T. Maruyama. Performed the experiments: T. Maeda MK KT HV TY SS YT YC MT. Analyzed the data: T. Maeda EH YC KT TY HV YT MT T. Maruyama. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: T. Maeda EH HV KI JT YC KT TY YT. Wrote the paper: T. Maeda EH YC KT TY HV YT MT T. Maruyama.